Formula:DLMF:25.10:E1

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Z ( t ) = exp ( i ϑ ( t ) ) \RiemannZeta @ 1 2 + i t 𝑍 𝑡 imaginary-unit italic-ϑ 𝑡 \RiemannZeta @ 1 2 imaginary-unit 𝑡 {\displaystyle{\displaystyle{\displaystyle Z(t)=\exp\left(\mathrm{i}\vartheta(% t)\right)\RiemannZeta@{\tfrac{1}{2}+\mathrm{i}t}}}}

Substitution(s)

ϑ ( t ) \ph @ @ Γ ( 1 4 + 1 2 i t ) - 1 2 t ln π italic-ϑ 𝑡 \ph @ @ Euler-Gamma 1 4 1 2 imaginary-unit 𝑡 1 2 𝑡 {\displaystyle{\displaystyle{\displaystyle{\displaystyle\vartheta(t)\equiv\ph@% @{\Gamma\left(\tfrac{1}{4}+\tfrac{1}{2}\mathrm{i}t\right)}-\tfrac{1}{2}t\ln\pi% }}}}


Constraint(s)

Z ( t ) \Real 𝑍 𝑡 \Real {\displaystyle{\displaystyle{\displaystyle Z(t)\in\Real}}} &
ϑ ( t ) italic-ϑ 𝑡 {\displaystyle{\displaystyle{\displaystyle\vartheta(t)}}} is chosen to make Z ( t ) 𝑍 𝑡 {\displaystyle{\displaystyle{\displaystyle Z(t)}}} real &
\ph @ @ Γ ( 1 4 + 1 2 i t ) \ph @ @ Euler-Gamma 1 4 1 2 imaginary-unit 𝑡 {\displaystyle{\displaystyle{\displaystyle\ph@@{\Gamma\left(\tfrac{1}{4}+% \tfrac{1}{2}\mathrm{i}t\right)}}}} assumes its principal value


Proof

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Symbols List

& : logical and
exp exp {\displaystyle{\displaystyle{\displaystyle\mathrm{exp}}}}  : exponential function : http://dlmf.nist.gov/4.2#E19
i i {\displaystyle{\displaystyle{\displaystyle\mathrm{i}}}}  : imaginary unit : http://dlmf.nist.gov/1.9.i
ζ 𝜁 {\displaystyle{\displaystyle{\displaystyle\zeta}}}  : Riemann zeta function : http://dlmf.nist.gov/25.2#E1
ph ph {\displaystyle{\displaystyle{\displaystyle\mathrm{ph}}}}  : phase : http://dlmf.nist.gov/1.9#E7
Γ Γ {\displaystyle{\displaystyle{\displaystyle\Gamma}}}  : Euler's gamma function : http://dlmf.nist.gov/5.2#E1
ln ln {\displaystyle{\displaystyle{\displaystyle\mathrm{ln}}}}  : principal branch of logarithm function : http://dlmf.nist.gov/4.2#E2
{\displaystyle{\displaystyle{\displaystyle\in}}}  : element of : http://dlmf.nist.gov/front/introduction#Sx4.p1.t1.r9

Bibliography

Equation (1), Section 25.10 of DLMF.

URL links

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